{"id":993751,"date":"2026-01-20T16:15:53","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T13:15:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/?p=993751"},"modified":"2026-02-04T16:17:19","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T13:17:19","slug":"mesai-saatleri-disinda-gerceklestirilen-sirket-etkinliklerinde-meydana-gelen-kazalarin-hukuki-niteligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/mesai-saatleri-disinda-gerceklestirilen-sirket-etkinliklerinde-meydana-gelen-kazalarin-hukuki-niteligi\/","title":{"rendered":"MESA\u0130 SAATLER\u0130 DI\u015eINDA GER\u00c7EKLE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LEN \u015e\u0130RKET ETK\u0130NL\u0130KLER\u0130NDE MEYDANA GELEN KAZALARIN HUKUK\u0130 N\u0130TEL\u0130\u011e\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
    \n
  1. Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u015firketler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve motivasyonunu art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla, mesai saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da \u00e7e\u015fitli sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel veya sportif etkinlikler d\u00fczenleyebilmektedirler. Bu t\u00fcr etkinlikler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n dinlenme hakk\u0131, i\u015fveren ile ili\u015fki d\u00fczeyleri ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli faydalar sa\u011flar. Ancak bu etkinlikler s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelen kazalar hukuken tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 birtak\u0131m de\u011ferlendirmelere yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011fu, i\u015f kazas\u0131 kapsam\u0131 ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hukuku alan\u0131nda bu t\u00fcr olaylar\u0131n, \u201ci\u015f kazas\u0131\u201d say\u0131l\u0131p say\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00a02. \u0130lgili Mevzuat ve Emsal Yarg\u0131 Kararlar\u0131 I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130\u015f kazas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

    T\u00fcrk hukukunda meydana gelen bir olay\u0131n i\u015f kazas\u0131 say\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun 13. maddesinde belirtilen unsurlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re i\u015f kazas\u0131, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n; i\u015fyerinde bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada, i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte olan i\u015f nedeniyle, bir i\u015fverene ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n i\u015fyeri d\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6revlendirildi\u011fi zamanlarda, i\u015fverenin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131tla gidi\u015f-d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f esnas\u0131nda meydana gelen meydana gelen ve sigortal\u0131y\u0131 bedenen veya ruhen zarara u\u011fratan olayd\u0131r. Bu tan\u0131m, i\u015f kazas\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131 sadece mesai saatleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rlamam\u0131\u015f; baz\u0131 hallerde i\u015fyeri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki zaman kesitlerini de kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir. Ancak say\u0131lan haller tahdidi (s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131) olup kanun \u00f6rneklemeye de\u011fil, s\u0131n\u0131rlamaya y\u00f6neliktir. Bir olay\u0131n i\u015f kazas\u0131 say\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in bu hallere uygun olmas\u0131 ve i\u015f ile kazan\u0131n aras\u0131nda uygun illiyet ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Ayn\u0131 zamanda 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nun tan\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re ise i\u015f kazas\u0131; \u201ci\u015fyerinde veya i\u015fin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcm\u00fc nedeniyle meydana gelen\u201d ve bedensel veya ruhsal zarara yol a\u00e7an olay olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu tan\u0131mlama ise i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011funu i\u015fyeri ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve i\u015fin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcm\u00fc ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rarak ili\u015fkilendirmektedir. Kanun metinlerinde i\u015f kazas\u0131 say\u0131lan hallerin belirlenmesindeki s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131m ilkesi, uygulamada \u00e7e\u015fitli soru i\u015faretlerine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Mesai saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen etkinliklerin hukuken i\u015f kazas\u0131 say\u0131labilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan temel kriter Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 ile de destekledi\u011fi \u201ci\u015fverenin hakimiyeti \/ organizasyonu alt\u0131nda\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi ilkesidir. Yarg\u0131tay 10. Hukuk Dairesi\u2019nin 2024\/3957 E.\u00a0ve 2024\/5143 K. <\/strong>numaral\u0131 09.05.2024 tarihli karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle; i\u015fverenin talimat\u0131 ve organizasyonu ile kurulan \u015firket futbol tak\u0131m\u0131nda meydana gelen sakatlanma olay\u0131n\u0131, i\u015fyerinin organizasyonu i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in i\u015f kazas\u0131 saym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek mahkeme bu karar\u0131nda aktivitenin \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenmesi, giderlerin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131, servis tahsisi gibi olgular\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak olay\u0131n i\u015fverenin organizasyonu kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini kabul etmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Bu i\u00e7tihat, somut olarak olay\u0131n i\u015fverene ba\u011fl\u0131 faaliyetler veya \u015firket organizasyonu kapsam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin i\u015f kazas\u0131 kapsam\u0131na girmesinde belirleyici kriter oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n bir di\u011fer emsal nitelikteki 17.09.2023 tarihli karar\u0131nda ise, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen toplant\u0131ya, i\u015fverenin bilgisi ve onay\u0131 dahilinde \u00f6zel arac\u0131yla kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere yola \u00e7\u0131kan i\u015f\u00e7inin, yolculuk s\u0131ras\u0131nda trafik kazas\u0131na u\u011framas\u0131 \u00fczerine a\u00e7\u0131lan davada, yerel mahkeme olay\u0131n i\u015f kazas\u0131 niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurmu\u015ftur. Mahkeme, i\u015f\u00e7inin toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fverenin talimat\u0131 ve organizasyonu kapsam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini, toplant\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcm\u00fcyle do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bu nedenle kazan\u0131n, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun 13. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini kabul etmi\u015ftir. Yerel mahkemenin bu karar\u0131, temyiz incelemesi sonucunda Yarg\u0131tay 10. Hukuk Dairesi taraf\u0131ndan onanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00f6zel arac\u0131yla seyahat etmesi, olay\u0131n i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak nitelendirilmesine engel te\u015fkil etmemi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu karar, i\u015fverenin bilgisi ve talimat\u0131 do\u011frultusunda \u00f6zel arac\u0131yla toplant\u0131, e\u011fitim, seminer veya benzeri i\u015f organizasyonlar\u0131na kat\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, bu ama\u00e7la yapt\u0131klar\u0131 gidi\u015f ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerde maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 trafik kazalar\u0131n\u0131n da i\u015f kazas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilece\u011fini ortaya koymas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan emsal nitelik ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Yarg\u0131tay, i\u015f kazas\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131 dar ve \u015fekli bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla de\u011fil; i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin fiili ve fonksiyonel ba\u011flam\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Bahsi ge\u00e7en i\u00e7tihatlar, uygulamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u201cmesai saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda meydana gelen kazalar\u0131n hangi h\u00e2llerde i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak nitelendirilece\u011fi\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki belirsizlikleri \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde gidermekte; i\u015f kazas\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca zaman ve mek\u00e2n unsurlar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin niteli\u011fi, i\u015fverenin organizasyon g\u00fcc\u00fc ve y\u00f6nlendirme yetkisi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda Yarg\u0131tay, i\u015fverenin bilgisi, talimat\u0131 veya organizasyonu kapsam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen faaliyetlerde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n fiilen i\u015f g\u00f6rme ediminin devam etti\u011fini kabul ederek kazan\u0131n mesai saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda veya i\u015fyeri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda meydana gelmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na i\u015f kazas\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil etmeyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu i\u00e7tihatlar, i\u015fveren sorumlulu\u011funun belirlenmesinde \u015fekli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler yerine fiil\u00ee h\u00e2kimiyet ve i\u015f ile kurulan nedensellik ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulamakta; uygulamada i\u015fverenlerin sorumluluk alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n daha net bi\u00e7imde belirlenmesine katk\u0131 sunmakta, i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirli\u011fin ve hukuki g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015fverenler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir yol g\u00f6sterici nitelik ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Stj. Avukat Beg\u00fcm Do\u011fan<\/p><\/div>\n

      <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Giri\u015f G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u015firketler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve motivasyonunu art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla, mesai saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da \u00e7e\u015fitli sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel veya sportif etkinlikler d\u00fczenleyebilmektedirler. Bu t\u00fcr etkinlikler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n dinlenme hakk\u0131, i\u015fveren ile ili\u015fki d\u00fczeyleri ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli faydalar sa\u011flar. Ancak bu etkinlikler s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelen kazalar hukuken tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 birtak\u0131m de\u011ferlendirmelere yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle i\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011fu, i\u015f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-993751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilgi-kaynaklari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/993751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=993751"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/993751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":993752,"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/993751\/revisions\/993752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=993751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=993751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=993751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}